Actuating apparatus for a business machine

ABSTRACT

An actuating apparatus for entering data into a pin-box type business machine having a plurality of selectively and individually operable character and function keys wherein solenoids are provided which are responsive to operate signals for operating the pins in the pin-box memory. A signal generator is provided which is responsive to the operation of the character keys for applying the operate signal to the appropriate solenoid. Also provided is inhibit means for preventing the generation of the operate signal for a preselected interval of time and energizing means which operates the inhibit means in response to the operate signal. The invention also includes means for energizing any one solenoid upon the partial depression of the solenoid core to enter a character or function.

United States Patent Shapiro v 1 Dec. 26, 1972 s41 ACTUATING APPARATUS FOR A 3,472,449 10/1969 Marino et al. ..235/6l PE BUSINESS MACHINE [72] Inventor: Marvin Shapiro, Huntington, N.Y. j' ygzgixaz' ga gggi Tomsky [73] Assignee: Digitronics Corporation, Albertson,

N,Y [57] ABSTRACT [22] Filed; March 12, 1970 An actuating apparatus for entering data into a pinbox type business machine having a plurality of selec- [2]] Appl- N05 19,034 tively and individually operable character and function keys wherein solenoids are provided which are [52 US. Cl. ..235/61 PE, 235/145 R, 197/98 responsive to Operate for operatinsthe P in 51 nn. Cl ..G06c 9/00, G060 7/04 P A E Pmvided [58] Field 0 Search 235/145 340/1725. which iS responsive to the operation of the character keys for applying the operate signal to the appropriate solenoid. Also provided is inhibit means for preventing the eneration of the o erate signal for a preselected [56] References cued inter val of time and en rgizing means which operates UNn-ED STATES PATENTS the inhibit means in response to the operate signal. v The invention also includes means for energizing any 2,816,254 1271957 Canepa ..3l7/l58 one solenoid upon the partial depression of the sole- 2,856,130 Woodward el al. noid core to enter a character or function 3,270,853 9/1966 Gerjets et al. ..l97/98 3,454,147 7/1969 Schrem .;....l97/98 16 Claims, 15 Drawing Figures PATENTED DEC 26 I972 SHEET 2 OF 4 Fwy-=15 sin-5 3 W 9 I 5 9 8 w 5 7 I} 8 f v M V M 4 0 J W J 5 55 5 AB Y )NVENTOR MARVIN SHAPIRO BY gwwia ATTORNEYS ACTUATING APPARATUS FOR A BUSINESS MACHINE Thepresent invention relates generally to actuating apparatus of a business machine, and more particularly, pertains to actuating apparatus which is adapted to be used in conjunctionwith a key-stroke operated business machine for actuating the machine to enter data and to record such entries and the functions performed by the machine in an appropriate record medi- Direct data communications between machines such as computers and the like is becoming more widespread as methods and apparatus for accomplishing error-free transmission of data are expanded. For example, telephone companies presently provide the facilities for the transmission of data between machines over existing telephone lines. This service has been found to be particularly useful to companies having a central office and a number of subsidiary or branch offices separated'by relatively large distances.

To be more specific, a computer may be located ata main or central office which receives sales data, accounting data or the like, from transmitters at the branch or subsidiary offices. A system of this type results in a tremendous economic savings with regard to the cost of equipment since only one centrally located computer is required rather than a plurality of computers, each one of which is located at a different branch office.

Presently, in order to take advantage of a communications system of this type, conventional business machines such as adding machines, comptometers and the like are being provided with recording systems for simultaneously converting and recording the information entered into such business machines into machinereadable data signals which may be applied directly or transmitted to a computer. Thus, the complete bookeeping records of all the branch offices of a multidivision organization may be fed directly into a central computer so that the complete accounting picture the business may be maintained upto date.

It will become obvious that in a data transferral system of the type described, there must be a direct identify or correspondence between each character entered into a business machine or each function performed by the machine with a corresponding character or function recorded by the recording system to eliminate any errors. To put this another way, if the character entered into the business machine represents the digit 3 and the corresponding character recorded by the recording system represents a digit other than 3, an error will be introduced into the system. Hence, it is of primary importance to assure a perfect one-to-one correspondence between the machine and the recording system entries.

Errors of the type referred to hereinabove may arise in any one of a number of different manners, such as by an incomplete key-stroke on the part of the operator, or by a so-called dithering key-stroke (i.e., a stroke which includes some irregular up and down motion). An incomplete key-stroke may permit the recording system to record the character or the function represented by the operated key; however, the stroke may be insufficient to permit the business machine to mechanically enter the character or to perform the desired function. Hence, a discrepancy will exist between the machine entry and the recorded entry. On the other hand, irregular or dithering key-stroke motion may cause the recording system to record a plurality of entries while the business machine only registers a single entry.

Another type of error that may arise is caused by over-speeding. That is, the operator depresses or otherwise operates two keys in quick succession. The business machine needs a certain fixed time to make a mechanical entry corresponding to each key-stroke. Because the two key-strokes were in such quick succession, the machine does not have time to make the proper mechanical entry for both key-strokes. This may either cause an error in the mechanical entry of each of the key-strokes, or prevent the mechanical entry of one or both of the key-strokes. I

Another type of common error occurs in those business machines which perform a plurality of key-actuated functions, and arises when these functions are operated in an incorrect sequence. For example, the most commonly available business machine is an adding machine which may perform two groups of functions. The first group can be called the primary function group which must be performed after the entry of a character. Included in the primary function group are such functions as: add, subtract, clear, etc. The other secondary group includes total and'sub-total functions. Thus, after a character has been entered, the operator must operate the machine to perform one of the primary functions (i.e., an add, subtract, etc. function), before operating a total or sub-total function key. However, the operator after entry of the number, often neglects to operate a key representing a primary function before operating a key representing a secondary function. Hence, the number is not included in the add cycle, for example.

A further error associated with key-stroke systems of the'type described arises when more than one key is operated on the same identical stroke. Thus, most business machines are provided with amechanical interously, the interlock may prevent any one key from being fully operated. However, if the magnitude of the force is sufficiently large the machine may be actuated to mechanically register a character. In this case, it is imperative that the recording system register the identical character to maintain correspondence between the machine and the recording device entries.

U. S. Pat. No. 3,472,448, entitled Recording System for Business Machines, inventors E. Wolf, et al. U. S. Pat. No. 3,472,449, entitled Recording System for Business Machines, inventors F. C. Marino, et al.; and U.S. Pat. No. 3,562,765, entitled Recording System for Business Machine, inventor F. C. Marino, are all directed toward curing one or more of the above problems in a key-stroke operated business machine utilizing a pin-box memory directly actuated by the character and function keys. Another type of business machine available utilizes electro-mechanical means to aid mechanical entries.

In an attempt to isolate the operator of the machine from mechanical entry of data and thereby ameliorate some of the above conditions, some business machines have been provided with electromechanical means between the keyboard and the memory rather than a direct mechanical linkage. However, business machines of the electromechanical type also suffer from a number of drawbacks.

For example, in one type of commercially available machine the keys actuate electrical switches. When a key is depressed, a switch closes which, in turn, activates a solenoid. This solenoid then depresses a pin in the memory unit, causing mechanical entry. This can be visualized as the solenoid replacing the mechanical linkage between the operators finger and the pin. The current activating the solenoid also causes electrical recording. This arrangement would apparently insure one-to-one correspondence between mechanical and electrically recorded entries.

However, by introducing the solenoid, other problems are caused. That is, the solenoid must be energized so it depresses the pin to its furthest extent. Further, the solenoid must be just as positively disengaged so as not to interfere with the memory pin-box carriage movement, (i.e., indexing of the carriage from the entered digit, to a position for the next digit to be entered). Moreover, errors such as overspeeding, dithering key-strokes, incorrect function sequence errors, etc., are not cured by the electrical keyboard-solenoid machine.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide actuating apparatus for business machines for operating the machine to make an entry and to the operations in data form which substantially eliminates any discrepanciesbetween the machine entries and the recording device entries.

Another object of the invention is to provide an actuating apparatus for a business machine which assures only one entry for each mechanical committment of the business machine therebyeliminating errors in the recording of information by irregular key motion.

' Another object of the invention is to prevent errors caused by overspeeding the business machine.

Another object of the invention is to prevent operator error caused by operating the primary and secondary group of function keys in the incorrect sequence.

Another object of the invention is to ensure that the electromechanical device aiding mechanical entry is positively engaged and disengaged.

As noted above, the recording system of the present invention is adapted to be used in conjunction with a key-stroke operated business machine having a plurality of selectively and individually operable character and function keys. Each of the character keys represents a predetermined character. Accordingly, when a character key is operated the character represented by that key is entered mechanically into the machine. Mechanical entry is accomplished by depressing one of a plurality of pins in the memory unit from a rest position to an operated position. The pin is depressed through the aid of a solenoid which hasbeen activated by the operation of the character key.

On the other hand, when a function key is operated, the machine executes a function cycle corresponding to the operated function key such as addition, subtraction, and the like.

Y Accordingly, an actuating apparatus constructed according to the present invention is operable to enter data into a business machine of the type having a plurality of selectively and individually operable character and function keys respectively representing characters enterable into the machine and functions performable by the machine. Included is a plurality of spaced memory means each representing a different one of said characters for registering the entry of a selected character when the memory means representing that character is moved from a rest to an operated position and a plurality of electro-mechanical means each responsive to an operate signal for moving a respective associated one of the plurality of'memory means to the operated position. The apparatus. comprises signal generating means responsive to the operation of the character keys for applying the operate signal to the electro-mechanical means associated with the memory means representing the operated character key. Inhibit means is provided for preventing the generation of said operate signal for a preselected interval of time, and energizing means responsive to the operate signal operates said inhibit means.

Other objects and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from a consideration of the following detailed description when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. I is a perspective view of the business machine utilizing an actuating apparatus constructed according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a diagrammatic elevational view of a character key arrangement in the machine shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic circuit diagram partially in block form, of the pulse generating means of the actuatingapparatus;

' FIG. 4 is a'schematic circuit logic diagram, of the function and entry inhibiting portions of the apparatus;

FIG. 5 is a schematic circuit logic diagram of the order inhibiting portion of the apparatus;

FIG. 6 is a schematic circuit diagram of the electrical recording portion of the apparatus constructed in accordance with the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a perspective view of the electromechanical recording portion of the apparatus;

FIG. 8 is an elevational view of a portion of the pin box memory of an illustrative business machine shown operated by the apparatus of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a view similar to FIG. 8 showing the pin box in the inoperative or rest position;

FIG. 10 is a side elevational view of the function cycle switch arrangement in the business machine shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 11 is a side elevational view of a portion of the interlock means in the machine of FIG. 1;

FIG. 12 is a schematic circuit diagram, partially in block form, of a modified embodiment of an actuating apparatus constructed according to the invention;

FIG. 13 is a diagrammatic view of the character key responsive portion of the modified embodiment;

FIG. 14 is a diagrammatic view of a further modified embodiment of the character key responsive portion in the rest position; and

FIG. 15 is a diagrammatic view of the character key responsive portion of FIG. 14 shown in the operated position.

As noted above, the apparatus of the present invention is ideally suited for use in conjunction with any type of conventional business machine utilizing keys for entry of data. That is, the invention is suitable for both the conventional key-stroke operated business machine and those utilizing electrical keyboards. For purpose of illustration, the apparatus of the present invention will be described in conjunction with the operation of an adding machine and, in particular, a key-stroke operated adding machine. In practice, this type of machine uses a key-stroke to activate an electrical switch which, in turn,'activates the solenoid which causes mechanical entry. The output of this switch can also be used to cause electrical entry by the electrical recording means.

It is emphasized that the adding machine described herein is for illustrative purposes only and is not to be interpreted as a limitation of the present invention. That is, the apparatus of the present invention may be used with any type of key-stroke or electrical keyboard operated business machine.

In the interest of clarity, the operation of the character entry portion of the actuating apparatus will be presented first. This will be followed by a detailed description of the portion of the apparatus of the present invention relating to the recording of the character entries. Thereafter, the various function entry operations of the machine will be described. This will be followed by a description of that portion of the recording system of the present invention which relates tothe electrical recording of signals representative of the functions performed by the machine.

FIG. 1 illustrates a key-stroke operated adding machine which is designated generally by the reference numeral 11, of a type which is adapted to be used in conjunction with the apparatus of the present invention. The adding machine 11 includes a keyboard 13. The keyboard 13 has a plurality of character keys designated generally by reference numeral 15 and a plurality of function keys designated by reference numeral 17. As is conventional with machines of this type, there are character keys which respectively represent the digits 0, l, 9. Character keys may be individually and selectively depressed to cause the corresponding digits to be entered into the machine. On the other hand, the function keys 17 may be individually and selectively depressed to cause the machine to perform specific functions, such as add, subtract, non-add, clear, total, and sub-total, etc.

In the discussion which follows, the functions of the illustrative business machine 11 are divided in two groups: the primary function group which includes such functions as add, subtract, non-add and clear; and the secondary function group which includes such functions as sub-total and total. In the proper operation of the machine 11, a primary function must be performed after a digit is entered into the machine before a secondary function can be performed. However, it is to be noted that the above functions are only illustrative and are not to be interpreted as being a limitation of the invention as more or less functions may be performed by any one machine. For example, some machines may not have a non-add or a sub-total function.

Defined in the top surface of the machine 11 is an opening 19 through which a paper tape record (not shown), showing the various entries introduced into the machine, may pass. Accordingly, the operator of the machine thereby has an instantaneous record of the characters entered into the machine and the totals, subtotals, etc. of these characters, as the case may be. Since the operation of the paper tape record portion of the machine 11 is not pertinent to an understanding of the present invention, it will not be discussed in detail herein.

As is conventional in key-operated business machines of the type under consideration, a different character is etched in the top surface of the respective character keys and a symbol representing a function is etched into the top surface of the appropriate function keys.

In operation, the depression or operation of a particular character key will cause the digit or numeral which it represents to be mechanically entered into the memory of the machine 11. In other words, the etched digit on the key will be entered into the memory of machine 11 upon depression of that particular character key. After the digit or digits representing a number have been entered the addition function key may then be operated whereby the number represented by the digits preserved in the memory device can be printed out on the paper tape record in a conventional manner. Additionally, the number will be entered into a storage device (not shown) which accumulates the sum of the numbers entered into the machine and which prints out the accumulated sum of these numbers as a total or as a sub-total depending upon which function has been operated.

In addition, the adding machine of the illustrative embodiment has function keys such as a non-add key. This function results in the entered digit being printed out on a paper tape record but not entered into the storage device for accumulation.

FIG. 2 illustrates one embodiment of a character key, it being understood that the character keys are identical in construction except for the digit etched on their respective top surfaces. .Thecharacter key 15 comprises a top member 20 attached to a shaft 23 slidably received through keyboard 13. Spring 43 is interposed between member 20 and keyboard 13 and biases top member 20 away from keyboard 13 whereby the key 15 is moved to a rest or normal position. However, key 15 may be depressed to an operated position, as noted below.

Attached to shaft 23 is a magnet 25. Mounted below keyboard 13 and also below the magnet 25 when the key is in the rest position is a magnetic reed switch 27. Magnetic reed switch 27 consists of a casing 29 which receives leads 31, 33 and 35. In the interior of magnetic reed switch 27, movable contact 37, and stationary contacts 39 and 41 are connected to leads 31, 33 and 35, respectively.

Normally, movable contact 37 rests against stationary contact 39. However, when character key 15 is depressed to the operated position, magnet 25 is carried past magnetic reed switch 27. The magnetic force between magnet 25 and movable contact 37 causes movable contact 37 to move from stationary contact 39 into electrical contact with contact 41. As is readily apparent from FIG. 2, character key 15 is shown in its normal position, that is, forced above and away from keyboard 13 by spring 43. When the force of an operators finger upon upper surface 21 causes spring 43 to compress, magnet 25 is carried past magnetic reed switch 27 as described above.

The magnet 25 and switch 27 comprise a portion of a signal producing device designated generally by the reference numeral 26. Thus, lead 31 from magnetic reed switch 27 is connected to ground 47. Voltage source 50 is connected to lead 33. Lead 35 is connected to a pulse generator of which the signal producing device 26 is a part.

OPERATION OF FIG. 2

Normally, character key is maintained in the rest position whereby magnet 25 does not influence magnetic reed switch 27. Therefore, normally, movable contact 37 contacts stationary contact 39 and a circuit is established from voltage source 50 through magnetic reed switch 27 by leads 33 and 31 to capacitor 45. Since the other plate of capacitor 45 is connected to ground, voltage source 50 will cause a chargeto be deposited upon the plates of capacitor 45. This will continue until the voltage impressed across capacitor 45 is equal to voltage source 50. When character key 15 is depressed by an operator, against the bias of spring 43, magnet 25 will move into the proximity of movable contact 37. This will force contact 37 to move from contact 39 into contact with contact 41. As will be more readily apparent below, the charge upon capacitor 45 will pass along lead 31, through magnetic reed switch 27 and along lead 35 to the remaining components of the pulse generating means described below.

DESCRIPTION OF FIG. 3.

FIG. 3 does not illustrate all of the electrical circuitry contained within the invention, but only certain illustrative parts of the complete circuitry, it being understood that the remaining portions are substantially identical to those portions shown. For example, only four of the 10 character keys are illustrated in complete detail. Also, only four of the six function keys are illustrated in complete detail. As one skilled in the art readily realizes, the invention is nowhere limited to the number of character keys or function keys used by way of example in this description; but the keys are only illustrative of the principles of the present invention.

It is to be noted that FIG. 2 illustrates the general arrangement of the elements associated with any one character key and is also applicable to the arrangement of the elements associated with a function key. However, in the interests of clarity, the identical mechanical Referring now to FIG. 3, movable contact 37A, as mentioned above, is associated with the 0 or zero digit character key. Movable contact 37A is engageable with either stationary contact 39A or 41A. Stationary contact 41A is connected by lead 35A to AND gate 49A. The other input to AND. gate 49A is more fully described later. Lead 51A connects the output of AND gate 49A to the input of monostable multivibrator 53A. Monostable multivibrator 53A is of the type well known in the art producing a single pulse output upon the application of the rising slope of a pulse input. The pulse output of monostable multivibrator 53A is of a specific constant duration, approximately 25 milliseconds in the illustrative embodiment.

The output of monostable multivibrator 53A is connected to driver 55A and lead 57A. Lead 57A provides the input to the recording components shown in FIGS. 4 and 6, which are described below.

Ashasbeen mentioned, the output of monostable multivibrator 53A provides the input signal for driver 55A. The output of driver 55A is connected by lead 58A to one terminal of a solenoid winding 59A. The other terminal of solenoid winding 59A is connected by lead 60A to ground 47. Solenoid winding 59A is the solenoid winding for the solenoid core or plunger A (FIG. 7).

The output of driver 55A is also connected to the anode of diode 62A. The cathode of diode 62A is connected by lead 58] to one terminal of solenoid winding 59]. The other terminal of solenoid winding 59J is connected to ground 47 by lead 601.

Each of the other character keys, except for the key associated with digit 9, have substantially similar circuitry. That is, the circuitry associated with the digit 8, for example is shown to be substantially the same as that described above with the suffix I substituted for the suffix A.

The circuitry associated with the digit 9 is different than the above in that the output of driver 55] is connected to solenoid winding 59] directly, i.e., not through a diode. Further, the output of driver 55J is connected directly to solenoid winding 59] and through diodes 62A-l, to the solenoid windings 59A-591. The reason for this different circuitry will become apparent from the description below.

The function keys are associated with circuitry similar to the character key 9. That is, the drivers associated with each of the function keys (for example, driver 55? associated with function clear) is connected to only solenoid winding 59?. These function key solenoid windings 59M-Y control and activate the function cycles in machine 11.

OPERATION OF FIG. 3

The operation of the character key circuitry can be understood from a description of the operation of character key 0. If an operator selects the zero key by operating the key associated with reed switch 27A, a pulse is prod uced upon lead 35A. Assuming that there is a pulse upon lead (see description .of FIG. 4 below), a pulse will appear on lead 51A. Multivibrator 53A will produce a single pulse of predetermined duration (25 milliseconds in the illustrative embodiment) at its output upon receiving the leading edge of the pulse on lead 51A. The pulse output of monostable mull060l2. 008l tivibrator 55A'appears on lead 57A (see description of FIGS. 4-6), at the anode of diode 62A, and lead 58A. Thus, this predetermined duration pulse passes through solenoid windings 59A and 59] (diodes 62B-I effectively block the pulse from the other solenoid windings). This operation will be better understood from the following description; The description of the rest of the electrical circuitry of the preferred embodiment, shown in FIGS. 4, 5 and 6, is continued after a description of FIG. 7, 8 and 9.

DESCRIPTION OF FIGS. 7,8 & 9

The electro-mechanical entry portion of the actuating apparatus of the present invention is shown in FIGS. 7, 8 and 9. In the following description each element will be referred to by its general reference number, i.e., 75, rather than its specific reference number, i.e., 75A, unless a specific example is to be discussed.

Referring now to FIG. 7, the electromechanical recording means can be seen. The memory or registry device is generally designated by reference numeral 61. Memory device 61 includes a carriage 63 which is movable in direction indicated by arrow 65. The carriage 63 includes an upper plate 67 and a lower plate 69. Carriage 63 supports a plurality of longitudinally spaced columns 71. Each column 71 has 10 transversely spaced memory or register pins 73. Memory pins 73 are adapted to move from a rest position to an operated position to .register the entry of a character into the machine. Each column 71 represents a digit which can be entered into the machine. Thus, the number of columns 71 that a machine has, corresponds to the maximum number of digits or places that the machine can accept for any one number. For example, the forward most column 71 corresponds to the first digit entered into the machine, whereas the more rearward columns 71 represent subsequent digits. For example, if the number 312 were to be entered into the machine, the most forward column 71 would register the digit 3, while the second most forward column would register the digit 1, and the third most forward would register the digit 2. In the embodiment of FIG. 7, there are 11 columns 71 of memory pins 73.

The first nine memory pins 73A-73I in any one of the columns 71 represent the digits 0-8 corresponding to their respective character key 15. In the particular example illustrated, there is no register memory pin which corresponds to the digit or numeral 9. Accordingly, the absence of an operated pin in a column 71 indicates .that the numeral or digit 9 has been entered into the machine in that particular column.

As is presently shown in FIG. 7, solenoids or solenoid housings 75 are mounted above the forward most column 71. Corresponding to each solenoid winding 59 there is a corresponding solenoid or solenoid housing 75. For example, solenoid winding 59A is housedin solenoid 75A. This can be best seen in FIG. 7, wherein leads 58Aand 60A emerge from solenoid 75A. Each solenoid 75 has a plunger 77. Plungers 77 are biased to an inactive position by a spring 79.

The solenoids are mounted upon a plate 81 so that each solenoid is suspended above and associated with one of the transversely spaced pins in columns 71. For example, solenoid 75A is associated with memory pin 73A, solenoid 75B is associated with memory pin 73B, etc. When a pulse is caused topass through a solenoid winding 59 associated with a solenoid 75, the plunger 77 moves from a rest position to an operated position. Since the solenoids 75 are mounted above a memory pin 73, the memory pin 73 below the activatedsolenoid 75is also moved from its rest position to an operated position by the plunger 77. This is shown in FIG. 7 by solenoid 75B and memory pin 73B, and solenoid 75] and memory pin 73], all in the operated position.

The number of pins for each column has been mentioned .to number 10. However, only nine pins have been accounted for (i.e., those for the digits 0-8). The tenth memory pin 73 is used as an indexing means.

After each digit is entered, transport means is provided to bring the following column 71 under plate 81 to allow the entry of the next digit. The transport means moves the carriage. However, one skilled in the art, could easily recognize that the plate 81 upon which the solenoids are mounted could be moved instead.

As another alternative, there could be associated with each column 71 a separate bank of solenoids. To provide the indexing, a mechanical or electronic commutator could switch the output of driver 55. to the next column of solenoid windings 59 of solenoids 75 The transport means in the illustrative embodiment comprises an indexing mechanism utilizing the tenth memory pin 73]. As mentioned above, every character key, except for thecharacter 9 is associated with one of the solenoid windings 59A through 59I. Character 9 is only associated with solenoid winding 59.1. Thus, every time a character key is operated, solenoid 75] is activated and the memory pin 73J is depressed.

Referring to FIGS. 8 and 9, the indexing action of memory pin 73] of the transport mechanism can readily be seen. The solenoid 75.1 is mounted on plate 81. Carriage 63 is received between plate 81 and lower plate 82. Lower plate 82 terminates in a downwardly outwardly inclined surface 84 which extends beyond the first column of memory pins 73 when the carriage 63 is in position to receive an entry in the first (most forward column in FIG. 7) column. The surface 84 is adapted to engage and move the operated memory pin 73 back to the rest position when the carriage 63 moves back to the start position during a function cycle.

Depending from plate 81 and spaced beyond plunger 77] is a stop 83. Stop 83 is located directly in the path of travel of the tenth or .1 row of memory pins 73. Accordingly, when the carriage 63 is in a normal start or first column position, the front pin 73J abuts or is engaged with stop 83. When any one of the character keys 15 is depressed to enter a character or digit in memory device 61, plunger 77.! will descent to an operated position through activation of solenoid winding 59.1. This operated position is shown in FIG. 8. That is, the lower edge of plunger 77J depresses the memory pin 73] in the first column 71 to an operated position. In this aforementioned operated position, the depressed pin 73! will be spaced below the lower surface of stop 83. Thus, the pin 73] will no longer engage or be engaged by stop 83. The carriage will then be advanced in the direction indicated by arrow 65 under the influence of an appropriate biasing device (not shown) such as a spring or the like, until thenext pin 73] engages the rear surface of plunger 77].

Plunger 77J remains in the activated state as long as any one of the drivers SSA-55], which is supplying current to solenoid winding 59], is operating. This particular driver 55 activates solenoid winding 59] for the duration of the pulse produced by the operated one of the monostable multivibrators 53A-53J. At the end of this pulse, solenoid winding 59] is deactivated and plunger 77J returns to its non-activated position under the bias of spring 79]. As soon as plunger 77] has risen above the top surface of the aforementioned abutting memory pin 73], the carriage 63 will move forward in a direction indicated by arrow 65 until the second memory pin 73] engages the stop 83. This position is shown in FIG. 9. Accordingly, with this arrangement of the elements, the carriage 63 will have been advanced one full column.

OPERATION OF FIGS. 8 and 9 Summarizing the indexing operation of the machine 11, the depression of any one of the character keys will cause a driver 55A-55J to energize solenoid winding 59J. This will cause the activation of the solenoid 75J thereby moving memory pin 73J to an operated position just below solenoid 75] through the action of plunger 77]. The carriage 63 will move forward until the following memory pin 73J abuts against the trailing edge of plunger 77]. When the driver 55 has stopped producing .current (in the illustrative embodiment 25 milliseconds) plunger 77J rises, allowing the carriage to move until the pin 73] that has been immediately abutting against plunger 77] abuts against stop 83. At this point the next column 71 is under plate 81, for the entry of the next digit and indexing operation.

OPERATION OF FIG. 7

The entry of any one of the digits -8 in memory device 61 is accomplished in the manner similar to that described above for the indexing. That is, when one of the character keys is depressed, say the digit 0, a pulse is produced in accordance with the description contained 'under Description of FIG. 2. This pulse causes multivibrator 53A, associated with the depressed character key 0, to produce a 25 millisecond pulse. This 25 millisecond pulse results in the associated driver 55A producing a voltage sufficient to drive the associated solenoid winding 59A and, in addition, solenoid winding 591. The solenoid 75A associated with the energized solenoid winding 59A is activated. Thus solenoid plunger 77A is depressed against the bias of the associated spring 79A, to depress the memory pin 73A which is directly below the activated solenoid 75A. Simultaneously, memory pin 73], the indexing memory pin, is depressed as described under Operation of FIGS. 8 and 9. Thus, the carriage indexes in accordance with the above description.

DESCRIPTION OF FIG. 4

As noted above, the present invention prevents errorswhich arise as a result of overspeeding. More specifically, overspeeding is prevented by the present apparatus by inhibiting the operation of the machine 11 for a specified interval of time after a key has been operated, thereby ensuring that the machine completes its mechanical functions before a new character can be entered or recorded on the record medium. The entry and function inhibiting portion of the present invention is shown in FIG. 4 and includes an OR gate 85, the respective input terminals of which are individually connected to the leads 57A-57Y. The output of OR gate 85 is applied to the input of monostable multivibrator 87. The output of monostable multivibrator 87 is applied to an input of OR gate 89. The other input to OR gate 89 is connected to lead 91. Lead 91 is associated with function cycle switch 105 illustratedin FIG. 10, and described more fully below. Function cycle switch 105 is normally open. The output of OR gate 89 is applied to inverting amplifier 93. The output of amplifier 93 is connected, via lead 95, to an input terminal of respective AND gates 49A-49Y.

OPERATION OF FIGURE 4 As explained above, in connection with the described'operation of the elements of FIG. 3, a pulse appeared on a lead 57A-57Y whenever a character key 15 or function key 17 is operated. These leads 57A-57Y are connected to the inputs of OR gate 85.

OR gate 85 produces a pulse at its pu'tput whenever a pulse'appears at any one of its inputs. Upon the leading edge of the pulse at the output ofOR gate 85, monostable multivibrator 87 produces a pulse of a predetermined duration. In practice the duration of this pulse is milliseconds. Similarly, OR gate 89 produces a pulse at its output whenever monostable multivibrator 87 produces a pulse. The polarity of the pulse at the output of OR gate 89 is inverted by inverting amplifier 93. This inverted pulse is present on lead 95. Lead 95 is connected to the input terminals of AND gates 49A-49Y illustrated in FIG. 3 and applies an inhibiting pulse to the same when a pulse appears at the output of OR gate 89.

Similarly, whenever function cycle switch 105 is closed, a pulse from source 51 is applied to OR gate 89.

I The output of OR gate 89 is inverted by amplifier 93 which impresses an inhbiting pulse on the lead 95.

Since monostable multivibrator 87 normally is not producing a pulse nor is there normally a pulse upon lead 91, the output of amplifier 93 can be considered to be non-inhibiting or in the logical one state. Therefore, the inputs to AND gates 49A-49Y connected to lead are normally non-inhibiting.

For the illustrative example wherein the character key 15 associated with the 0 digit is operated, movable contact 37A contacts stationary contact 41A and a pulse is produced by monostable multivibrator 53A, multivibrator 87 is operated and an inhibit pulse appears on the lead 95 This pulse inhibits operation of all AND gates 49A-49Y thereby preventing the ,multivibrators associated with these AND gates from producing any pulses. That is, if a character key 15 or function key 17 is depressed within 50 milliseconds of another character key 15 of function key 17 being depressed, the AND gate associated with that later operated character key or function key is inhibited or deconditioned along with the other AND gates. Thus, there cannot be two pulses appearing within 50 milliseconds of one another upon leads 57. As a result, the machine 11 completes its mechanical operation and errors due to overspeeding are effectively prevented.

DESCRIPTION or FIG. 5

As noted above, the functions performed by the I example. To insure the operation of a primary group function after the entry of a digit into the machine 11, a group inhibiting circuit or means is provided, as shown in FIG'. 5.

More specificallythe leads 57A-S7.I associated with the character keys 15 carry the input signals to OR gate 97 to which they are connected.

In a like manner, the leads 57M-57P which are associated with the primary group functions add, subtract, non-add and clear, respectively, are connected to the respective input terminals of an OR gate 101, the output terminal of which is connected to the reset terminal R of the flip-flop 99. The operation of flip-flop 99 is conventional and is not described in detail herein. However, it is to be noted that where a signal is applied to the reset terminal R, a desired signal will appear at the output terminal of the flip-flop.

A lead 103 connects the aforementioned 0 output terminal of the flip-flop 99 to a respective input terminal of AND gates 49X and 49Y which are associated with the secondary group functions total and sub-total.

OPERATION OF FIG.

' Whenever any character key is depressed, a pulse appears upon the associated one of the leads 57A-57J. This pulse passes through OR'gate 97 and causes flipflop 99 toset. Accordingly, no signal appears on the lead 103. This will decondition all the AND gates to which lead 103 is connected. For example, lead 103 is connected to AND gate 49X, the AND gate associated with the total function key 17. Therefore, no pulse appears at, the output of AND gate 49X after a character key has been depressed until flip-flop 99 resets. Similar comments apply to the secondary group function sub-total.

Flip-flop 99 resets when a function key 17 associated with a lead 57M-57P, which are connected to OR gate 101, is operated. That is, when one of the primary group function keys (an add, subtract, non-add, or a clear) is operated, OR gate 101 produces an output signal which resets flip-flop 99. A signal then appears at the 0 terminal of flip-flop 99. Thus, the AND gates 49X-49Y to which lead 103 forms an input are conditioned, or at least partially conditioned, by the signal on the lead 103. That is, assuming a desired signal is on lead 95, AND gates 49X-49Y will pass a pulse produced by the operation. of the associated character key 17.

Summarizing, the operation of FIG. 5, the secondary group function keys 17 associated with the AND circuits 49X-49Y to which lead 103 is connected will not have their functions either electrically recorded or mechanically entered when their associated AND gates are inhibited. This inhibiting occurs whenever a character key 15 is operated and is removed whenever a primary group function key 17 is operated.

DESCRIPTION or FIG. 10

Shown in FIG. 10, is the mounting of the function cycle switch 105. The function cycle switch is connected to the machine 11 by appropriate means, not

shown, in a position adjacent to the drive shaft 107. Drive shaft 107 rotates a complete revolution upon the operation of any one of the function keys 17 (i.e., both primary and secondary group function keys). Affixed to the drive shaft 107 is an eccentric cam 109 having a high point 111 on its peripheral wall. High point 111 normally engages button 113 of function cycle switch 105. When high point 111 does engage button 113, i

switch 105 is open. The contacts of switch 105 are connected to voltage source 50 and lead 91, respectively, as shown in FIG. 4.

OPERATION or FIG.10

Upon the operation of a function key 17, drive shaft 107 rotates in the conventional manner. The cam point 111 is disengaged from button 113 of the switch 105 thereby causing function cycle switch 105 to close.

Voltage source 50 is connected to lead 91. Thus, a signal is applied through OR gate 89 to inverting amplitier 93, and an inhibiting signal is applied to AND gates 49A-49Y thereby preventing operation of the present apparatus until the machine 11 completes its operation cycle.

DESCRIPTION OF FIG. 6

In FIG. 6 there is illustrated the electrical recording means portion of the apparatus of the present invention. The electrical recording means of FIG. 6 receives the pulses generated by the operation of a function key 17 or a character key 15. These pulses are carried along leads 57A-57Y and are applied to the respective inputs to encoder 115. The output of encoder 115 is connected to the input of recorder 117.

OPERATION OF FIG. 6

Upon the operation of a character key 15 or a function key 17, a pulse appears upon the associated one of the leads 57A-57Y, as noted above. These leads 57A-57Y are connectedto encoder 115. The encoder 115 is conventional in construction and is operable to produce a unique combination of signals at its output, such as unique binary numbers, which is representative of the lead upon which the input signal appears. Since each one of the leads 57A-57Y is associated with a different character or function key, it will be obvious that the unique combination of signals at the encoder 115 output will represent the character entered into or the function performed by the machine 11. This representation generated by encoder 115 is recorded by recorder 117. Recorder 117 can be any recording means well known in the art. For example, recorder 117 could be a magnetic tape recorder, a paper tape punch, etc.

Further, the leads 57A-57Y between encoder 115 and monostable multivibrators 53A-53Y need not be short. For example, long distance telephone communication channel may be utilized. Such a channel, as is well known, would require the requisite transmitters, receivers, amplifiers and repeaters.

Although the preferred embodiment of the invention envisions the use of a recording device such as a magnetic tape recorder, paper tape, etc., those skilled in the art could easily substitute other recorders such as magnetic core storage in a digital computer. With this latter embodiment the operation is known as on-line operation.

DESCRIPTION OF FIG. 11

The apparatus of the present invention may also include a mechanical interlock device. The interlock device is illustrated in FIG. 11 and is operable to prevent the simultaneous operation of two or more of said character keys 15 or said function keys 1 7. The interlock device is designated generally by the reference numeral 119. The interlock device 119 comprises a track 121 having a plurality of discs 123 therein. A plurality of fingers 125 are provided in spaced relationship to discs 123. Fingers 125 are individually aligned with the space between adjacent discs 123. The track 121 and the discs 123 are so sized that the distance between all discs and the ends of the track 121 is substantially equal to the width of a single finger 125. Each one of the fingers 125 is connected to a different one of character keys 15 by an appropriate link (not shown).

OPERATION OF FIG. 11

When a character key 15 or a function key 17 is operated, the finger 125 connected thereto will move forward relative to the discs 123. Finger 125 will extend between the discs 123. When a finger 125 is between a pair of discs 123', the discs 123 will be forced against each other and the ends of track 121. Since each disc 123 is in engagement with the next adjacent disc, the possibility of any one of the other fingers 125 moving therebetween will be eliminated. Hence the interlock 119 in effect, prevents the depression of more than one of the character or function keys at any one time. Moreover, because the memory device 61 is advanced one column each time a character key 15 is operated, it will be obvious that the interlock device 119 prevents the entry of more than one digit in any one column.

DESCRIPTION OF FIGS. 12 AND 13 Shown in FIGS. 12 and 13 is a modified embodiment of an apparatus constructed according to the present invention. In this embodiment, the electromechanical entry portion does not in and of itself mechanically enter into the machine 11 the desired digit. The electromechanical entry portion in this embodiment assists the operator in making the mechanical entry and ensures that the operator does not cause any of the abovementioned operator errors. This will become clearer in the further description.

The embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 12 and 13 is emphasized to be only another variation of the present invention. One skilled in the art could easily combine the particular features of the invention as illustrated in FIGS. 12 and 13 with features which have not been repeated from the embodiment already discussed and the modified embodiment to be discussed. Certain of these variations will be given as illustrations. However, these variations are not given by means of limitation, but only by way of suggestion.

The embodiment of FIGS. 12 and 13 are especially adapted to work with machines of the type illustrated in FIG. 1 which do not already have electromechanical entry means but only direct mechanical linkages to effect operation of the machine. Another advantage of the modified embodiment shown in FIGS. 12 and 13 is that it does not necessitate a separate electrical keyboard 13.

FIG. 13 illustrates the general arrangement of the elements comprising a character or function key and similar reference characters in the FIGS. indicate identical elements. However, utilizing the'above format, the elements associated with a particular character or function key are designated by a suffix letter indicative of that particular key.

Referring to FIG. 13, a character key 151 and part of the electromechanical operating device are shown. Although only a character key has been illustrated, the same principlesto bediscussed apply both to the function keys and the remaining character keys. Character key 151 comprises an enlarged head 153 and a depending shaft 155 attached thereto. Shaft 155 is composed of a magnetic material such as iron. Shaft 155 slidingly passes both through solenoid 157 (and comprises the core or plunger thereof) and keyboard 159. A spring 161 biases character key 151 to an unoperated position. Shaft 155 has a lower end 163. Positioned directly below shaft 155 is adder key stem 169. Adder key stern 169 has a head 167. The upper surface of head 167 is normally engaged by lower end 163. A-coaxial switch 171 is positioned to be operated by the depression of adder key stem 169. That is, coaxial switch 171 comprises a conducting outer sleeve 173 and a flexible and resilient coaxial inner conductor 175 which is maintained in spaced relationship to sleeve 173 by insulating member 177. The inner conductor 175 projects beyond the front end of sleeve 173. The end of inner conductor 175 has an insulating member 179 mounted thereon. The insulating member 179 is positioned below head 67 so that when adder key stem 169 is depressed through the action of character key 151, lower surface 181 of head 167 engages insulating member 179. The downward movement of insulating member 179 flexes inner conductor 175. Continued downward movement of the stem 169 causes the inner conductor 175 to contact conductive outer sleeve 173. This closes coaxial switch 171.

Conductive outer sleeve 173 is connected to lead 183. Inner conductor 175 is connected to lead 185.

Referring now to FIG. 12 coaxial switches 171A-171Y with their leads 183A-183Y and 185A-185Y are illustrated. As was with the practice of FIG. 4, the description of FIG. 12 will concentrate around one circuit, since it is illustrative of the operation of the others.

The pulse generating portion of the embodiment of FIG. 12 comprises coaxial switches 171A-171Y and the circuitry as described presently. Lead 183A of coaxial switch 171A is connected to voltage source 187. Connected to lead 185A of coaxial switch 171A is lead 189A. Lead 189A is connected to an input to OR gate 191. The output of OR gate 191 is connected to the input of monostable multivibrator 193. Monostable multivibrator 193 produces a single pulse of predetermined length in response to the rising edge of a input pulse. In practice, the length of this single pulse input terminal 199 is connected to lead 205, which in I turn is connected to solenoid winding 207A. Lead 185A is connected to the otherterminal of solenoid winding 207A. Solenoid winding 207A is the solenoid winding for solenoid 157A (generally labeled solenoid 157 in FIG. 13). That is, upon current flowing through solenoid winding 207A, solenoid 157A becomes activated. It is to be noted that the switch 195 may comprise a relay, the winding of which is energized by the signal output of multivibrator 193, alternatively, the switch 195 may comprise a semiconductor switch, or the like.

Solenoids 157A-157Y and their associated solenoid windings 207A-207Y form'the electrical components of the electromechanical operating portion of the invention. As one skilled in the art will realize, upon the activation of solenoid 157A, the plunger 155A associated with ancl passing through the solenoid 157A, will be forced downwardly against the bias of spring 161A to an operative state, (i.e., it will be depressed).

Each adder key stem 169 through mechanical linkage (not shown) depresses a memory pin 73 of FIG. 7. That is, for each memory pin 73 in a column 71, there is one adder key stem 169. However, memory pins 73 are not depressed by adder key stems 169 until the associated solenoid 157 has been activated.

Again referring to FIG. 12, the electrical recording portion of the illustrated modified embodiment is seen. More particularly, connected to lead 185A is lead 209A. Lead 209A is connected to one terminal of magnetic reed switch 211A. The other terminal of magnetic reed switch 211A is connected to lead 57A. As is shownin FIG. 6, leads 57A-57Y are connected to encoder 115 for the electrical recording of the entered digit in recorder 117.

The operation of magnetic reed switch 211 can be better understood by referring to FIG. 13. Attached to adder key stem 169 is a magnet 213. Magnetic reed switch 211 is mounted inclose proximity to adder key stem 169 and below the normal unoperated position of magnet 213. Reed switch 211 is placed such that coaxial switch 171 must be closed well before magnetic reed switch 211 will close.

Upon the activation of solenoid 157, adder key stem 169 will travel downwards. This will carry magnet 213 past reed switch 211 closing that switch.

OPERATION OF FIGURES 12 AND 13 An operator operates character key 151A (generally labeled key 151 in FIG. 13) by depressing the key. The downward movement of character key 151A causes the downward movement of adder key stem 169A. This in turn causes the closing of coaxial digit switch 171A. The. closing of coaxial digit switch 171A connects source 187 to lead 185A thereby applying a signal to lead 189A. The rise in voltage on lead 189A causes OR gate 191 to trigger monostable multivibrator 193 which produces a pulse. This pulse at control input 197 closes electronic switch 195. A closed circuit now exists between voltage source 187 and ground 203. The current in traversing this closed circuit passes through solenoid winding 207A.

The current flowing through solenoid winding 207A will further cause the downward movement of character key 151A. That is, a magnetic interaction between the solenoid 175A and plunger 155Acauses the further downward movement of the plunger, regardless of the operators pressure on the key.

The continued concommittant downward movement of plunger 155A and adder key stem 169A will cause the closing of reed switch 211A. The closing of reed switch 211A puts a signal on lead 57A from energized lead 185A causing the representation of character key 151A to be recorded in the manner noted above.

One who is skilled in the art will readily realize that the above embodiment overcomes the above discussed errors. For example, mechanical entry will always conform to electrical recording. That is, a mechanical entry occurs when adder key stem 169 depresses, through mechanical linkage, memory pins 73. The mechanical relationship is such that no mechanical entry occurs prior to the energizing of solenoid 157 and similarly, no electrical recording occurs until solenoids 157 have been energized. Therefore, since no electrical recording occurs before solenoids I57 assume control, and once solenoids 157 assume control mechanical entry is assured, electrical recording and mechanical entry must have a one-to-one correspondence. Another advantage of the above circuitry is'that the make and break of current is done by electronic switch 195. This prevents deterioration of digit switch 171 due to arcing. Furthermore, the inclusion of a mechanical interlock means, similar to that in FIG. 11, would prevent more than one digit switch 171 from closing at the same time. One skilled in the art can easily combine the features of FIG. 12 and 13 with the features described in conjunction with FIGS. 1 through 11. For example, the key embodiment of FIGS. 12 and 13 could be used with the character keys; while the function keys would be mechanically linked to the mechanism of machine 11 and electrically linked to the electrical recording means by switches constructed similar to that of magnetic reed switch 27 of FIG. 2. Since in the typical machine the majority of errors occur through the partial depression of memory pin 73, i.e., the character keys, and not with the function keys, little deterioration in the one-to-one correspondence of mechanical entry and electrical recording will occur.

Further, the circuitry of FIG. 4 could be combined with the mechanical arrangement illustrated in FIG. 13. That is, the entry inhibiting means and function inhibiting means of FIG. 4 could be included with the key construction of FIG. 13.

bodiment of an actuating apparatus wherein there is complete operator isolation. More specifically, mounted above character keys 151 is a keyplate 215.

Received in keyplate 215 are a plurality of keys 217. Each key 217 is mounted directly above a character key 151. Key 217 has a key stem 219. With character key 151 in the unoperated or rest position, the bottom end 221 of key stem 219 engages upper surface 153 of character key 151.

Key 217 is depressable so that character key 151 can be depressed to the position where solenoids 157 are energized to take control of character keys 151. That is, keys 217 have formed at the top of the stem 219 a head 223. Head 223 has a bottom surface 225. When key 217 is depressed, bottom surface 225 engages keyplate 215, stopping the movement of key 217 just after solenoid 157 has taken control of character key 151, as noted in detail below.

OPERATION OF FIGURES 14 AND 15 An operator depresses the key 217 representing the digit which he wishes to enter. The character key 151 directly below the depressed key 217 is also operated by the key 217 and character key 151 is urged downwardly against the bias of spring 161. When character key 151 has been depressed far enough to close coaxial switch 171, solenoid 157 is energized and thereby causes the continued downward movement of character key 151. Coaxial switch 171 closes sometime after the operator has initiated the depression of the key 217, but sometime before lower surface 225 has engaged keyplate 215. However, the total travel of character key 151 is such that when key 151 is in the fully operated position the upper surface 153 of character key 151 disengages from lower end 221 of key 217. That is, lower surface 225 of key 217 engages keyplate 215 after forcing coaxial switch 171 to close, but before character key 151 has traveled to its fully operated position. Thus, character key 151 in its fully operated position is isolated from the operator. Thus, all operator inconsistencies in key stroking, such as dithering, keystrokes are isolated from character key 151 and its associated mechanical and electrical components.

While preferred embodiments of the invention have been shown and described herein, numerous omissions, changes and additions may be made in such embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

What is claimed is:

. 1. An actuating apparatus for entering data into a business machine of the type having a plurality of selectively and individually operable character and function keys said character keys representing predetermined characters enterable into the machine and said function keys representing functions performable by the machine, a plurality of spaced memory means each representing a different one of said characters and having relative movement from a rest to an operated position, a selected memory means registering the entry of a selected character in response to selection of a character key in accordance with movement of the memory means representing that character from a rest to an operated position, and a plurality of elecresponsive to the operation of said character keys for applying said operate signal to said electromechanical means associated with the memory means representing the operated character key for effecting movement of said memory means from said rest to said operated position, inhibit means coupled to said signal generating means for preventing the generation of said operate signal for a preselected interval of time, and energizing means coupled to said inhibit means and responsive to said operate signal foroperating said inhibit means.

2. An actuating apparatus as in claim 1, in which said signal generating means includes means responsive to the operation of said function keys for generating a function signal, said energizing means further including means responsive to said function signal for operating said inhibit means.

3. An actuating apparatus as in claim 1, in which the functions performable by the machine are divided into primary group functions and secondary group functions, said signal generating means including means responsive to the operation of said function keys representing said primary and secondary group functions for generating respective primary and secondary function signals, and function inhibiting means for preventing the generation of a secondary function signal until a primary function signal is received by said function inhibiting means.

4. An actuating apparatus as in claim 1, in which said signal generating means includes respective gate means each having at least one input adapted to receive a signal in response to the operation of an associated character key and each having at least another input connected to said inhibit means for producing a signal at their respective outputs when a signal appears at said respective one input and said inhibit means is inoperable, and for preventing production of a signal at their respective outputs when said inhibit means is operated.

5. An actuating apparatus as in claim 1, wherein said plurality of memory means comprises a plurality of longitudinally spaced columns of transversely spaced pins each movable from said rest to said operated position, a

movable carriage mounting said columns of pins thereon, said electromechanical means comprising at least a column of transversely spaced solenoids overlying a column of said pins wherein each solenoid is operable to move a different pin in the underlying column to the operated position when energized, and indexing means responsive to the energization of a solenoid for moving said carriage to a position wherein the next adjacent column of pins underlie said column of solenoids.

6. An actuating apparatus as in claim 5, in which said signal generating means comprises a source of energy, each one of said solenoids being associated with a different one of said character keys, a respective switch operable in response to the operation of an associated character key for establishing a circuit between said source and the solenoid associated with the operated character key to cause the solenoid to be energized, and detection means responsive to the energization of said solenoid for maintaining said solenoid energized for a predetermined interval of time.

7. An actuating apparatus as in claim 6, in which each of said solenoids comprises a winding and a plunger movable from a rest to an operated position when said winding is energized, each of said switches being operable by the plunger of the associated solenoid as said plunger 'moves from said rest to said operated position to maintain the associated switch operated.

8. An actuating apparatus as in claim 7, and recording means responsive-to said operate signal for recording the character entered into said machine.

9. An actuating apparatus for entering data into a business machine of the type having a plurality of selec tively and individually operable character and function keys, said character keys representing predetermined characters enterable into the machine and said function keys representing functions performable by the machine, a plurality of spaced memory means each representing a different one of said characters and having relative movement from a rest to an operated position, a selected memory means registering the entry of a selected character in response to selection of a character key in accordance with movement of the memory means representing that character from a rest to an operated position, and a plurality of electromechanical means each operatively associated with a different one of said plurality of memory means and each having a member movable from a first to a second position when energized to move the associated memory means to the operated position, different switch means associated with each of said electromechanical means and positioned in the path of travel of the associated member and each being operable to connect the associated electromechanical means with an energizing source as said member moves to the operated position in response to the operation of a character key, and energizing means responsive to the operation of each of said switch means for energizing the electromechanical means associated with the operated switch means for a preselected interval of time.

10. An actuating apparatus as in claim 9, in which each of said plurality of character keys includes a shaft sized to engage a respective member when said member is in said rest position and to be spaced therefrom when said member is in said operated position, said shaft being sized such that said shaft remains in engagement with the associated member at least until said switch means associated with that member is operated.

11. An actuating apparatus as in claim 9, in which said electromechanical means comprise solenoids having movable plungers corresponding to said members.

12. An actuating apparatus as in claim 9, and recording means responsive to .the movement of each of said members from the rest to the operated position for producing and recording a coded representation of the character entered into the machine.

13. An actuating apparatus-as in claim 9, in which said energizing means includes inhibit means responsive to the energization of any one of said electromechanical means for preventing the energization of any other electromechanical means for a predetermined interval of time.

14. An actuating apparatus as in claim 9, and another plurality of electromechanical means each having a member movable from a first to a second position when energized, and function signal enerating means responsive to the partra movement 0 a member of one.

of said electromechanical means from the rest to the operated position in response to the operation of a respective function key for energizing said one electromechanical means.

15. A business machine comprising a plurality of selectively and individually operable character and function keys, said character keys representing predetermined characters enterable into said machine,

said function keys representing functions performable by said machine, a plurality of signal generating means each associated with and responsive to the selection of a respective one of said character keys for generating an operate signal in accordance with the selected character key, a plurality of memory means, each of said memory means representing a different one of said characters and registering the entry of said character in accordance with a movement of said memory means from a rest position to an operated position, a plurality of electromechanical means each. electrically coupled to a respective one of said signal generating means and mechanically coupled to a respective one of said memory means, each said electromechanical means responsive to the operate signal applied thereto by the associated signal generating means coupled thereto for actuating said memory means associated therewith from a rest position to an operate position, inhibit means coupled to said signal generating means and responsive to an inhibit signal for inhibiting the generation of a further operate signal corresponding to a subsequently selected character key for a predetermined period of time, and energizing means coupled to said signal generating means and responsive to said operate signal for operating said inhibit means for a preselected interval of time.

' 16. The combination of claim 15, wherein said memory means includes a carriage containing plurality of columns of two position displaceable pins, an elongated means supporting a plurality of said electromechanical means, each in alignment with a respective one of said pins, each of said electromechanical means including a solenoid actuatable by said operate signal for effecting said pin displacement, said elongated means positioned orthogonally with respect to said pin column length, said carriage displaced relative to said elongated means by one pin position in a column direction after entry of each character. 

1. An actuating apparatus for entering data into a business machine of the type having a plurality of selectively and individually operable character and function keys, said character keys representing predetermined characters enterable into the machine and said function keys representing functions performable by the machine, a plurality of spaced memory means each representing a different one of said characters and having relative movement from a rest to an operated position, a selected memory means registering the entry of a selected character in response to selection of a character key in accordance with movement of the memory means representing that character from a rest to an operated position, and a plurality of electromechanical means each responsive to an operate signal for moving a respective associated one of said plurality of memory means to the operated position; said apparatus comprising signal generating means responsive to the operation of said character keys for applying said operate signal to said electromechanical means associated with the memory means representing the operated character key for effecting movement of said memory means from said rest to said operated position, inhibit means coupled to said signal generating means for preventing the generation of said operate signal for a preselected interval of time, and energizing means coupled to said inhibit means and responsive to said operate signal for operating said inhibit means.
 2. An actuating apparatus as in claim 1, in which said signal generating means includes means responsive to the operation of said function keys for generating a function signal, said energizing means further including means responsive to said function signal for operating said inhibit means.
 3. An actuating apparatus as in claim 1, in which the functions performable by the machine are divided into primary group functions and secondary group functions, said signal generating means including means responsive to the operation of said function keys representing said primary and secondary group functions for generating respective primary and secondary function signals, and function inhibiting means for preventing the generation of a secondary function signal until a primary function signal is received by said function inhibiting means.
 4. An actuating apparatus as in claim 1, in which said signal generating means includes respective gate means each having at least one input adapted to receive a signal in response to the operation of an associated character key and each having at least another input connected to said inhibit means for producing a signal at their respective outputs when a signal appears at said respective one input and said inhibit means is inoperable, and for preventing production of a signal at their respective outputs when said inhibit means is operated.
 5. An actuating apparatus as in claim 1, wherein said plurality of memory means comprises a plurality of longitudinally spaced columns of transversely spaced pins each movable from said rest to said operated position, a movable carriage mounting said columns of pins thereon, said electromechanical means comprising at least a column of transversely spaced solenoids overlying a column of said pins wherein each solenoid is operable to move a different pin in the underlying column to the operated position when energized, and indexing means responsive to the energization of a solenoid for moving said carriage to a position wherein the next adjacent column of pins underlie said column of solenoids.
 6. An actuating apparatus as in claim 5, in which said signal generating means comprises a source of energy, each one of said solenoids being associated with a different one of said character keys, a respective switch operable in response to the operation of an associated character key for establishing a circuit between said source and the solenoid associated with the operated character key to cause the solenoid to be energized, and detection means responsive to the energization of said solenoid for maintaining said solenoid energized for a predetermined interval of time.
 7. An actuating apparatus as in claim 6, in which each of said solenoids comprises a winding and a plunger movable from a rest to an operated position when said winding is energized, each of said switches being operable by the plunger of the associated solenoid as said plunger moves from said rest to said operated position to maintain the associated switch operated.
 8. An actuating apparatus as in claim 7, and recording means responsive to said operate signal for recording the character entered into said machine.
 9. An actuating apparatus for entering data into a business machine of the type having a plurality of selectively and individually operable character and function keys, said character keys representing predetermined characteRs enterable into the machine and said function keys representing functions performable by the machine, a plurality of spaced memory means each representing a different one of said characters and having relative movement from a rest to an operated position, a selected memory means registering the entry of a selected character in response to selection of a character key in accordance with movement of the memory means representing that character from a rest to an operated position, and a plurality of electromechanical means each operatively associated with a different one of said plurality of memory means and each having a member movable from a first to a second position when energized to move the associated memory means to the operated position, different switch means associated with each of said electromechanical means and positioned in the path of travel of the associated member and each being operable to connect the associated electromechanical means with an energizing source as said member moves to the operated position in response to the operation of a character key, and energizing means responsive to the operation of each of said switch means for energizing the electromechanical means associated with the operated switch means for a preselected interval of time.
 10. An actuating apparatus as in claim 9, in which each of said plurality of character keys includes a shaft sized to engage a respective member when said member is in said rest position and to be spaced therefrom when said member is in said operated position, said shaft being sized such that said shaft remains in engagement with the associated member at least until said switch means associated with that member is operated.
 11. An actuating apparatus as in claim 9, in which said electromechanical means comprise solenoids having movable plungers corresponding to said members.
 12. An actuating apparatus as in claim 9, and recording means responsive to the movement of each of said members from the rest to the operated position for producing and recording a coded representation of the character entered into the machine.
 13. An actuating apparatus as in claim 9, in which said energizing means includes inhibit means responsive to the energization of any one of said electromechanical means for preventing the energization of any other electromechanical means for a predetermined interval of time.
 14. An actuating apparatus as in claim 9, and another plurality of electromechanical means each having a member movable from a first to a second position when energized, and function signal generating means responsive to the partial movement of a member of one of said electromechanical means from the rest to the operated position in response to the operation of a respective function key for energizing said one electromechanical means.
 15. A business machine comprising a plurality of selectively and individually operable character and function keys, said character keys representing predetermined characters enterable into said machine, said function keys representing functions performable by said machine, a plurality of signal generating means each associated with and responsive to the selection of a respective one of said character keys for generating an operate signal in accordance with the selected character key, a plurality of memory means, each of said memory means representing a different one of said characters and registering the entry of said character in accordance with a movement of said memory means from a rest position to an operated position, a plurality of electromechanical means each electrically coupled to a respective one of said signal generating means and mechanically coupled to a respective one of said memory means, each said electromechanical means responsive to the operate signal applied thereto by the associated signal generating means coupled thereto for actuating said memory means associated therewith from a rest position to an operate position, inhibit means coupled to said signal generating meaNs and responsive to an inhibit signal for inhibiting the generation of a further operate signal corresponding to a subsequently selected character key for a predetermined period of time, and energizing means coupled to said signal generating means and responsive to said operate signal for operating said inhibit means for a preselected interval of time.
 16. The combination of claim 15, wherein said memory means includes a carriage containing plurality of columns of two position displaceable pins, an elongated means supporting a plurality of said electromechanical means, each in alignment with a respective one of said pins, each of said electromechanical means including a solenoid actuatable by said operate signal for effecting said pin displacement, said elongated means positioned orthogonally with respect to said pin column length, said carriage displaced relative to said elongated means by one pin position in a column direction after entry of each character. 